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Orissa
Tribal Empowerment and Livelihoods Programme
The
Orissa Tribal Empowerment and Livelihoods Programme design reflects the
strategic thrusts for IFAD’s operations in India outlined in the Country
Strategic Opportunities Paper, which identified tribal communities as a
priority target group. The programme is to be jointly funded by IFAD, DFID
and WFP in partnership with Government of Orissa. The programme proposes a
long-term development intervention, in the northern and southern tribal
belts of Orissa and would be implemented in three phases over a period of
ten years.
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Jharkhand-Chattisgarh
Tribal Development Programme
Among
the social groups in India, Scheduled Tribes (STs) have the highest
proportion of the poor. While they account for only 8% of the total
population, they comprise 40% of the displaced population. The Government
of India has allocated significant amount of resources for tribal
development, but the impact has been rather limited. The approach adopted
has been more welfare oriented, and there has been less empowerment.
This
programme proposes to use the opportunity created by the recent
Constitutional amendment concerning the extension of the Panchayats Act to
Scheduled Areas and would assist the state governments in putting into
practice the principles established by this act in empowering the local
communities and in designing resource management strategies which meet
their perceptions and aspirations.
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Livelihood
Security Project for Earthquake Affected Rural Households in Gujarat
This
project has been designed in response to the devastating earthquake which
struck Gujarat in January 2001. The earthquake followed a series of natural
disasters that had struck the region in the last few years. The project will
provide assistance, in partnership with World Food Programme, to address the
immediate needs of the communities for rehabilitation of their livelihoods
as well as addressing their inherent vulnerability. The project would be
implemented through the Self-Employed Women’s Association (SEWA) which has
the inherent strength and presence in a large part of the affected
area. The objective of the project would be to provide greater
livelihood security to economically vulnerable households living in a harsh,
disaster-prone and increasingly fragile natural environment and to enhance
their preparedness and capacity to cope with future crises.
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North
Eastern Region Community Resource Management Project for Upland Areas (NERCRMP)
The
North Eastern Region represents a unique socio-cultural framework and
faces unique set of problems. These factors have not always been taken
into account in the design and implementation of development
programmes within the region. As a result, the impact of development
initiatives has generally fallen short of expectations. Stagnation in
the rural economy persists and low productivity jhum cultivation
(slash and burn) continues on a wide scale. The shortening of the jhum
cycle (down to 3-5 years) with its impact on declining fertility has
resulted in continued encroachment on the forest resources and
progressive land degradation. Most families recognise that jhum
cultivation is no longer a sustainable livelihood system but they lack
knowledge or conviction of alternative development options and the
means to adopt them. The role of the project is designed to demonstrate
a new approach to development which focuses on interventions which are
technically appropriate, culturally sensitive and institutionally
effective.
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National
Micro Finance Support Programme
Over
the years micro-finance has evolved slowly but steadily as a key instrument
for poverty alleviation in India. In the last three decades, the government
has made concerted efforts to provide financial services to the poor through
the formal financial institutions, first by nationalising all major
commercial banks in 1969 and thereafter by introducing a number of
credit-linked subsidy-driven poverty alleviation programmes since early
1980s. Despite these efforts, micro-finance is yet to grow to any
significant scale. As a result, there is a huge unmet demand for
microfinance services, especially among those who are the poorest and most
disadvantaged. To meet the unmet demand, a two pronged strategy –
strengthening of micro-finance institutions (MFIs) and formal financial
institutions (FFIs) and mainstreaming the micro-finance sector – is
required.
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